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Specialist treatment clinic: Paediatrics - babies and children
Practitioner: Natalie Foster
Specialist areas of expertise:
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The aim of our Paediatrics: Babies & children clinic is to provide excellent healthcare to babies and children to promote good health and vitality.
Our experts have a particular passion and focus in this area, and will bring years of experience to help you manage your babies and childs health, now and in the future.
Your core practitioner will always advise you regarding other treatments at the clinic, and has a thorough understanding of other therapists work.
Frequently asked questions:
What conditions can cranio-sacral therapy help babies with?
Can cranio-sacral therapy help older children?
Can cranio-sacral therapy prevent learning difficulties?
Can cranio-sacral therapy help with learning difficulties?
My child has special needs, can cranio-sacral therapy help?
What conditions can cranio-sacral therapy help babies with?
Cranial osteopathy can have a positive effect when your baby is suffering with one or more of the following:
Crying, screaming, irritability
The baby may be uncomfortable, with a constant feeling of pressure in the head. This may be made worse by the extra pressure on the head when lying down.
Feeding difficulties
The baby takes a long time to feed and one feed merges into the next. They may be a 'windy' feeder. Feeding is difficult and tiring due to mechanical stresses through the head, face and throat. The nerves to the tongue and face muscles may be irritated as they exit from the skull, which makes sucking difficult.
Sickness, colic and wind
Regurgitation of milk between feeds, bouts of prolonged crying due to colic and wind. Often worse in the evening. The nerve to the stomach may be irritated as it exits from the base of the skull, which can impair digestion. The diaphragm between the chest and the abdomen may be stressed or distorted, which further compromises both digestion and the ability of the stomach to retain its contents. Stress from a difficult or fast birth can leave the digestive system in tension trapping wind. Any strain through the umbilical cord, for instance if it was around the baby's neck, can add to strains in the abdomen.
Sleep disturbances
The baby sleeps for only short periods, and may sleep little in the day (or night!). They wake to the slightest noise- "jumpy". The tension on the bony and membranous casing of the skull keeps the baby's nervous system in a persistently alert state.
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Can cranio-sacral therapy help older children?
As the child grows, the effects of retained moulding of the head shape can lead to other problems. The following are the most common, but it is by no means an exhaustive list.
Infections
Retained moulding and birth stresses take their toll on the body's reserves, and also deplete the immune system. This leaves children more vulnerable to all types of infection.
Ear infection
Recurrent ear infections, gradually becoming more frequent. May lead to 'glue ear' and some temporary loss of hearing. Retained birth compression within and around the bones of the ear impedes fluid drainage from the ear with partial or complete blocking of the Eustachian tube. Infections may never fully clear, leaving a vulnerability to the next infection and a depleted immune system.
Sinus and dental problems
Persistent mouth breathers. Constantly blocked or runny nose. Impaired growth and drainage of the sinuses and bones of the face due to retained moulding compression. Later, this increases the chance of dental overcrowding.
Behavioural problems and learning difficulties, and special needs
Poor concentration, constant fidgeting, difficulty sitting still, hyperactivity. Continuation of restlessness as a young baby. Retained moulding compression makes them uncomfortable in one position for too long, which becomes habit forming. Severe compression can modify normal patterns of learning in the brain. Severe birth trauma may be a factor in cerebral palsy, and conditions such as Down's syndrome may involve restrictions within the head and body which can be helped with cranial osteopathic treatment.
Headache, aches and pains
Headaches begin age 7-8. Growing pains. Vulnerability to sprains, or other aches and pains.
Retained moulding may focus areas of pressure in the skull, as the bony joints of the skull fully form at around the age of 7-8 years. Patterns of tension retained in other areas make the body more vulnerable to strain and fatigue.
Asthma
Vulnerability to chest infections. Aggravation of all degrees of asthma from mild to severe.
Retained moulding compression can aggravate a tendency to asthma. General lowered immunity leads to more chest infections. After infections, the chest remains tense and the ribs do not return to full function, aggravating an asthmatic tendency. Cranio-sacral treatment to release birth stresses and help to improve chest function is often beneficial in reducing the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.
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Can cranio-sacral therapy prevent learning difficulties?
Gradual recognition of learning difficulties
Learning difficulties do not suddenly happen. Usually there are indications that a problem may be present from birth onwards. Early on the child may be able to overcome these difficulties, and seems to be reaching milestones. However, as demands are placed on him at school, it may become increasingly difficult for him to keep up with his peers. Eventually he falls behind, and a 'learning difficulty' is identified.
Birth history
Birth is arguably the most stressful event of a child's life. Even a relatively straightforward birth imposes enormous stresses on the baby, in particular on the head. This can have implications for the subsequent development of the brain and body.
After birth, there is still much growth and development yet to occur in the brain, and this can be delayed or impaired by restriction within the skull. For example, the area of the skull behind the ear and the subsequent growth and development of the temporal lobe of the brain underlying this may be compromised. This is the region that deals with language and word recognition, and is sometimes implicated in dyslexic children. Another example is recent medical research, which shows that many children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) appear to have restricted growth of the frontal area of the brain.
Early diagnosis
Physical stresses respond more readily to treatment when the child is very young. Early treatment also reduces hindrances to growth and development of the brain, thus limiting the severity of any developing learning difficulty. It is therefore important to be able to recognise characteristic early signs of a problem in the health, development and behaviour of a child as early as possible.
Effects of physical strain in a child- indications of retained birth stresses
There are usually indications in a child's history of retained birth stresses, which can contribute to learning difficulties:
As a baby
Babies with retained birth moulding display a number of common symptoms as a result of their discomfort:
Excessive crying, or an irritable baby who prefers being carried and needs to be rocked to sleep.
Feeding problems: a slow feeder with a weak sucking action, or a voracious feeder who constantly needed to suck. The baby often has a preferred feeding position.
Colic and excessive wind.
Disturbed sleep patterns, often a very light sleeper and waking frequently.
As a toddler
Mobility and play: The child may sit, crawl and walk early, seeking movement to relieve physical discomfort. The child may not become engrossed in play for any length of time, preferring to be on the move. This may contribute to poor concentration later on.
Sleep patterns often remain disturbed. They may be a light sleeper, often finding it difficult to drop off to sleep at night.
Behaviour is often at the difficult end of 'normal' toddler behaviour!
Teething may be particularly uncomfortable as the already stressed bony structure of the face resists the rapid changes necessary in the eruption of teeth.
Head banging or pulling at the head or hair is often an indicator of stresses within the head, and not simply a sign of frustration.
Childhood
A child who is physically uncomfortable may not complain of aches and pains. The stresses have probably been present since birth, and have become 'normal' for that child. They may be affected at a subtle level and display any or all of the following characteristics:
Behaviour may be volatile, in the same way that anyone who is feeling tense may overreact emotionally.
Illnesses.The child often has a depleted immune system and succumbs to many infections. Learning can be detrimentally affected by both a child feeling unwell and increased time lost from school. Retained birth moulding in the head restricts the development of the nasal sinuses and the ears. Such children are vulnerable to chronic ear infections and glue ear, with associated loss of hearing that can delay speech development and interfere with classroom learning. They are often habitual mouth breathers.
Physical signs. There may be asymmetries in the child's posture, such as holding the head on one side, or one shoulder being higher than the other. It may be easier for the child to turn to one side than the other. This has implications on the best seating position within the classroom, to facilitate activities such as watching the teacher, copying from the blackboard etc.
Physical discomforts. The child may complain of headaches, growing pains, stomach aches or other physical aches and pains.
Clumsiness, poor balance. The child may fall a lot, often seeming to bump the same part of their body (such as the head!).
Handwriting is laborious and often untidy.
Fatigue.
It is noticeable how similar these signs are to many of those classically associated with learning difficulties.
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Can cranio-sacral therapy help with learning difficulties?
Osteopathic treatment
For best results, osteopathic treatment should be carried out as young as possible. Treatment is most effective before the age of 5 years, when there is still active growth of the head and brain.
After 5 years there is usually an improvement in physical well being and concentration, and teachers and parents often report that the children seem to find it easier to grasp concepts.
On average 4-6 treatments are required, but this varies according to the age of the child and the severity of the problem. The younger the child, the quicker birth stresses are to resolve with treatment.
Other factors
There are other factors that can cause or aggravate learning difficulties, including impaired hearing or eyesight, and retained primitive reflexes.
How to help a child with learning difficulties?
A cranio-sacral assessment of the child is of paramount importance to ensure that there is no undue strain in the body that is causing or aggravating the learning problem.
A visual assessment is also helpful to identify any visual problems. Specialists in this field are Developmental Optometrists, who not only assess the ability of the eye to focus, but also tracking of the eyes and the ability of the brain to interpret visual information.
A hearing test is recommended where there has been a history of glue ear, or other reasons to suspect hearing loss.
Neurodevelopmental therapy may be recommended where there are retained primitive reflexes, to help the development of co-ordination.
Diet is also important, as food allergies and intolerances can impair learning and concentration.
Specialised teaching. None of the above is a substitute for specialised teaching, which is essential. Ideally, therapists and teachers should work together to find the best way of helping each child.
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My child has special needs, can cranio-sacral therapy help?
Many of the points above regarding children with learning difficulties also apply to children with special needs.
In cerebral palsy, for example, there has often been a traumatic event which has caused the condition. The physical tensions which result from a difficult birth or other trauma may be treatable osteopathically. So while it may not be possible to cure the underlying condition, improvements may be seen in a number of areas from physical comfort to co-ordination and neurological development.
In Down's Syndrome there are changes in the structure of the skull affecting breathing and drainage which may be improved with cranial osteopathy.
The information in this section was sourced from:
The Institute of optimum nutrition, founded by Patrick Holford
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